It looks like each of these is a separate math problem, but they all have the same technique, so I'll solve one or two and you should be able to answer the rest quickly.

The general idea is to isolate the variable. You do this by repeatedly doing the same thing to both sides until you end up with something like x = some number, or y= some number.

In the first problem, we have:
3a + 4 = 7

So first, we subtract 4 from both sides:
3a + 4 - 4 = 7 - 4
3a = 3

Then we divide both sides by 3 to get rid of the 3 in front of the a:
(3a)/3 = 3/3
a = 1
And there's your answer.

Let's try it on the next one:
3g + 4 = -5
3g + 4 - 4 = -5 -4
3g = -9
(3g/3) = (-9)/3
g = -3

On the last problem, the hardest part is just converting the word problem into an equation. To break this down, look at each phrase:
"6 less than" means you're going to subtract 6 from something
"2 times a number means you're going to multiple 2 times some number. This number is your variable, so let's just call it y.
"is 14" means =14

Putting this together you get:
2y - 6 = 14

Which you know how to solve now.

Good luck!

Let me do your homework for you!

3a + 4 = 7
3a = 7 - 4
3a = 3
a = 1

3g + 4 = -5
3g = -5 - 4
3g = -9
g = 3

-8 = 6y - 2
-8 + 2 = 6y
-6 = 6y
-1 = y

4d - 1 = 11
4d = 11 + 1
4d = 12
d = 3

2x + 3 = 9
2x = 9 - 3
2x = 6
x = 3

10 = 2r - 8
10 + 8 = 2r
18 = 2r
9 = r

6 less then 2 times a number is 14
2x - 6 = 14
2x = 20
x = 10

do your own homework!